Into Mischief continues to reign supreme among North American stallions, leading Daily Racing Form’s leading sires edition as he claimed his fifth consecutive general sire earnings title in 2023. Into Mischief, by Harlan’s Holiday, stands at Spendthrift Farm in Lexington, Ky. He easily outdistanced Curlin, standing at Hill ‘n’ Dale Farm in Paris, Ky., by 2023 earnings, at $26,126,182 to $18,770,794, according to Daily Racing Form statistics. Into Mischief also led the nation by individual winners and individual graded stakes winners, and tied for individual Grade 1 winners, with six in the latter category. That group includes Kentucky Oaks winner Pretty Mischievous. It is no surprise that stallions standing in Kentucky routinely claim the overall leading sire title. Kentucky is the epicenter of the North American breeding industry, and the statistics back that claim up. According to The Jockey Club’s Report of Mares Bred, Kentucky’s 199 reported stallions covered 16,953 mares in 2023 – or 63.7 percent of all the mares reported bred in North America. According to Daily Racing Form statistics, Thoroughbred stallions were active in 36 other states – with California, Florida, and New York next by breeding activity, according to The Jockey Club – as well as across Canada, with activity north of the border centered in Ontario. Here is a state-by-state look at leading sires by earnings, according to Daily Racing Form statistics, alphabetically by state, plus Canada. Dive deeper into some of the stallions in key regions in our feature stories in this special edition. Alabama: Doc N Bubba G (Cross Creek Outfitters) was the only stallion in the state with multiple winners, and his progeny bankroll of $121,520 in 2023 was nearly triple that of his closest competitor. Arizona: Lotsa Mischief, a son of Into Mischief, recorded 24 individual winners from 47 starters on the season to lead the state with earnings of $681,577. Arkansas: American Freedom (Leadem Farm) moved to Arkansas in the 2023 season, and as a former Kentucky stallion, he had progeny earnings of $4,004,119 to best established Arkansas resident The Big Beast (McDowell Farm). They are among five stallions with seven-figure progeny bankrolls in 2023 on an Arkansas stallion roster that has been bolstered in recent years. California: State stalwart Grazen (Eclipse Thoroughbred Farm) recorded six individual stakes winners to slug out a lead in a competitive race against stallions who came in from other major jurisdictions. For more on California, download our annual special edition. Colorado: Numaany (Stonedance Farm) recorded 15 individual winners, and his progeny earnings on the season were more than triple that of his closest competitor. Florida: The regally bred Khozan (Journeyman Stallions) led his adopted home state yet again and was the highest-placed stallion outside of Kentucky, with earnings of $6,292,158. Georgia: The only runner was a winner for Abbey’s Snow White to put him atop a small stallion roster. Idaho: Boos (Treasure Ranch) banked $300,672 on the year, more than four times his closest competitor’s progeny earnings. The son of Ghostzapper had an incredibly consistent season, with 10 winners from 12 starters. Illinois: Ghaaleb (Wildwood Farm) continues to lead this state as Illinois breeders work to keep a foothold. Indiana: Metropolitan Handicap winner Mor Spirit (Swifty Farms) stands his first season in Indiana this year, and his previous progeny earnings from Kentucky make him the leader by a wide margin over longtime state resident Unbridled Express (Swifty Farms), the perennial leader by state-conceived runners. Iowa: Although earnings leader Anchor Down (Iowa State University) is departing for Korea, the university program still has a strong one-two punch in newcomer Free Drop Billy and longtime resident Stroll. Louisiana: Classic winner Exaggerator (Elite Thoroughbreds) moved to Louisiana in 2022 and is the state’s leading stallion among a number of Kentucky transplants. Louisiana-bred champion Star Guitar (Clear Creek Stud) is the standout in the state among those with state-conceived progeny. Maryland: Perennial leader Great Notion (Northview Stallion Station) sired seven individual stakes winners for progeny earnings of $5,982,569 and another leading sire title. Massachusetts: Indian Ocean (Briar Hill Farm) had two starters, without a winner, but led by earnings. Michigan: Unbridled Energy (Hubel Farms) led the way with earnings of $395,497 from 30 starters, relatively robust figures in a state with a struggling Thoroughbred landscape. Minnesota: Liaison (Boehlke Ranch), who previously stood in Kentucky and Oklahoma, moved to Minnesota for the 2023 season. His progeny conceived elsewhere gave him earnings of $1,182,291 in 2023, easily besting last year’s leading sire, Kela (Stillwater Equine), at $226,747. Mississippi: Nonno’s Boy (LTC Thoroughbreds) was the only stallion with activity in this state for 2023, with two runners who went winless. Montana: Ashkal (Kortum Ranch) and Double Dewars (Dean Murphy Ranch) were the only two stallions in the state, in that order by earnings. Neither had a winner. Nebraska: Breeders’ Cup Mile winner Court Vision (Pryor Ranch), who moved to the state for the 2021 season and will have his first state-conceived progeny running this year, smashed this list again, with earnings of $1,271,666 to $581,640 for Global Power (Morningstar Stables). New Jersey: Sea Wizard (Colonial Farms) recorded a solid eight winners from 14 starters for earnings of $794,751. He easily bested regular leader Hey Chub, with earnings of $377,869. New Mexico: Marking (A & A Ranch) was the state leader. New York: Central Banker (McMahon of Saratoga Thoroughbreds) has emerged as a perennial leader in the Empire State and anchors a strong roster at McMahon. North Dakota: Rock the Rock (L.J. Harsche) led the state with progeny earnings of $64,528. Ohio: Kentucky transplants Dominus (Duncan Farms) and Sky Kingdom (Maro Veterinary Services) officially lead the earnings list by stallions regardless of progeny conception area, but just behind them is rising young star National Flag (Blazing Meadows Farm). Oklahoma: Flat Out (Mighty Acres), a Kentucky transplant whose first Oklahoma-conceived foals raced in 2023, dominated the sire list, with progeny earnings of more than $4.6 million, more than four times that of his closest competition. Oregon: The late Harbor the Gold (Bar C Racing Stables) had progeny earnings of $1,117,929. Pennsylvania: Warrior’s Reward (WynOaks Farm) led the sire list with earnings of $3,184,015. South Carolina: Done Talking (Elloree Training Center) bested stablemate Straight Talking, with earnings of $496,288 to $257,450. South Dakota: Embezzlement’s only starter won for the earnings lead. Texas: Kentucky transplant Creative Cause (Marjorie Farms) immediately becomes a leader at $5,208,743 as one of four seven-figure earners in the state, along with Competitive Edge (Valor Farm), Mr Speaker (Forks Of The Paluxy), and Too Much Bling (Valor Farm). Utah: Northern Soldier (Tip Ranch) had no winners from three starters, but did win by earnings. Virginia: After years of struggle with no live racing in the state, Virginia is on the upswing due to Colonial Downs. Hello Broadway (Wind N’ Springs Farm) is the leader in a still-small stallion population in the state, with four winners from eight starters. Washington: When Pin Oak Stud hit a period of transition as the late Josephine Abercrombie phased out her commercial operations, the successful young Alternation (Blue Ribbon Farm) first moved to Darby Dan Farm in Kentucky, and then across the country to Washington, where he immediately has the earnings lead coming into his first season, at $2,653,998. West Virginia: In one of the tighter in-state races, Fiber Sonde (Beau Ridge Farm), at $1,838,995, edged out the late Windsor Castle (Taylor Mountain Farm), at $1,806,924, and Juba (Casey’s Legacy LLC) at $1,789,805. Wisconsin: The only starter for Be Valiant was a winner. Wyoming: Trojan Nation (Golden Creek Equine), with a single starter, led the sire list with one winner from one starter. Canada – Ontario: Ontario leads all Canadian provinces by breeding activity, with 543 mares covered in 2023, according to The Jockey Club’s Report of Mares Bred. There are 35 Thoroughbred stallions advertised at stud in Ontario for 2024, compared to 42 for the other nine provinces, combined. Topping the 2023 earnings list in Ontario are Point of Entry (Adena Springs North) at $3,733,722 and Souper Speedy (T.C. Westmeath Stud) at $3,197,895. Canada – All other provinces: Fed Biz (Highfield Stock Farm), who relocated to Alberta in time for the 2021 breeding season, will have his first Canadian-sired progeny on the track in 2024. He led all non-Ontario Canadian sires with earnings of $3,149,299. Next among this group is Bakken (Stone Ridge Farms) in British Columbia, who does have Canadian-sired progeny, with earnings of $578,449.